Children and Salvation
by Bill Johnson
INTRODUCTION
Many parents, though dedicated
Christians themselves, are bewildered when confronted with a
child’s questions about salvation. Some pastors seem to
believe that the child, even though safe in the grace of God,
has no spiritual contact with God. Others see the child before
the “age of accountability” as being in somewhat
the same position as was Adam before the fall. Still others say
that a child can pray, but God will not hear that prayer unless
it is one asking for salvation.
This workshop is intended to provide
information about children and salvation and offers suggestions
for parents, pastors and Sunday School teachers who work with
children.
BEFORE ACCOUNTABILITY:
WHAT IS IMPORTANT?
It is generally recognized that there
is a period in life in which God doesn't hold one accountable
for his sins. Beyond this there seems to be a wide variety of
opinions. Even the very young children should be taught the
Bible at home and in the church. These children can learn many
things about God.
Today's children are exposed to
abstract ideas at an earlier age. Although many children make a
profession of salvation and are baptized at an early age, a
significant number of these realize later in life that they did
to actually experience salvation and are actually saved while
in their teen years or even in later adult life. This raises
questions for those who minister to the very young.
More Questions Than Answers
There are many more questions about
the spiritual standing of the very young than there are
answers. Does a child have contact with God? What happens when
a child prays? Can a child who is not yet accountable glorify
God, not being a church member? Can a child learn anything
about spiritual things? If so, just what things can a child
learn about God?
All these are important questions to
the serious parent, pastor and youth worker. If a child can
grow in "head knowledge" only, then memorization of
Scriptures and Bible names and places are the most important
things involved in teaching children. If children have
spiritual life they can learn about such spiritual subjects as
love, kindness, patience and other things of this nature.
“Safe” Children Have a
“Seeming” Life
In his Word
Pictures in the New Testament, Dr.
A. T. Robertson reports that Paul's comment, “I was alive
without the law once . . .,” is “Apparently, the
lost paradise in the infancy of men before the conscience awoke
and moral responsibility came....” Robertson calls this a
“seeming life.” The idea is that before the
awakening of his conscience, Paul’s life was lived as
though he had complete contact with God. His sin nature was
there, but God must have overlooked it because of His grace and
because of Paul’s ignorance of the law. When Paul reached
the point where he could understand his responsibility under
God’s Law, sin came alive and he died, or was separated
from God.
The period in early childhood before
one matures to the point of understanding responsibility under
God’s Law, the period of “seeming” life, is
referred to by most Missionary Baptists as the
“safe” period. David’s child who died must
have been in this safe period. David, who surely was a saved
person, declared that he would be reunited with the child.
Several things should be kept in mind
when helping children who have not reached the point of
accountability, children who are in the “safe”
period.
Let the Children Come
“Suffer little children, and
forbid them not...,” Jesus said, “for of such is
the kingdom of heaven.” That is to say, “Let the
children come.” Thus, we know that Christ loves and
recognizes little children.
Children are real. They are people,
little people for sure, but people. If children are real and
Jesus recognized this, then so must we. If Jesus is God and if
He rebuked His disciples for attempting to prevent children
from coming to Him, then God wants children to come. If God
wants children to come, then there must be some way in which He
can be glorified in their coming. God does relate to children.
Children can learn spiritual things. So, let them come!
The Example of Parents
Children learn from experiences.
Experiences gained through interactions with parents are
numerous in the life of every young child. The first experience
of love is parental love. This is also true with other
abstractions. Respect, devotion, loyalty, honesty and many
other qualities are first learned from parents.
Children readily learn to distinguish
between genuineness and hypocrisy. It is important for parents
to be Christians at all times. The parent who regularly attends
church but doesn’t practice the ideals of Christianity
soon becomes a negative influence on the children.
It is important for children to be
taught by parents. Parents should read the Bible to the
children. There are many Bible storybooks available for the
very young. Parents can help with Scripture memorization.
Parental example can help prepare a
child for the time when he is confronted with a choice between
Christ as Savior and the world as a way of life.
What Is Learned Must Be Correct
Repentance is difficult. It is not
easy to stop a train once it is going. Just as moving objects
tend to travel in a straight line, resisting any change in
direction, it is extremely difficult to alter the mind once an
error has been planted there.
When teaching “safe”
children of God’s love, wrath and judgment, it is
important to present more than just one aspect. If the child
learns only of love, it will be difficult to understand why God
called for the destruction of the Canaanites.
One of the best ways to teach the
very young about God is for the parent or teacher to display
godly attitudes.
Parents Must Have Faith
Jesus came to call sinners to
repentance. He promised to draw all men. None will be left out.
It is difficult to understand how God’s grace works, but
it works.
Parents must be careful not to
pressure the pastor into “having a little talk with my
child.” It happens too many times. Anxious parents assure
the pastor that it is surely time for little Johnny to be
saved. The pastor is encouraged to talk with the child. Many
times the child has simply been exposed to the anxious
parent’s attitude, and wanting to please, says what he
assumes is the right thing to say. False
“conversions” may result.
Other children may be put off.
“You must have a real emotional experience!” some
are told. Parents, youth leaders and sometimes pastors might
fail to take into consideration the different emotional
personality of the individual. Children who have been saved may
be put off.
We would do well to remember that we
can never judge wisely enough to pronounce a person
“saved.” The child must be mature enough to
understand how to be saved. But we must be content to teach the
truth and depend upon the Spirit of God working in the
child’s heart to give the child assurance of salvation.
Parents should have confidence in
God. Do not rush the Spirit. Give the child room. God will keep
him safe until the time for salvation comes.
THE AGE OR POINT OF
ACCOUNTABILITY: WHAT IS IT?
Christians, especially Baptists, down
through the years have often discussed the question of the
“age of accountability.” This has been a confusing
and intriguing question to many people. It has caused hours and
hours of discussion.
The term age
of accountability means
“that time when one comes to the realization of
one’s individual need of Christ as a Savior.” Every
child is protected by the grace of God from conception until
reaching this point in life.
No specific age can be set for this
time. Teaching, background, maturity, mentality and
accessibility to the gospel all help determine the point at
which one becomes accountable to God for sin and the sin
nature. It should be pointed out clearly that it is impossible
for a person to be saved UNTIL HE IS LOST. God came into the
world to save sinners.
In the twentieth century, mass
evangelism, child evangelism and similar programs have added to
the pressure on children to be saved. These programs have many
good points and serve a purpose. Evangelizing (preaching and
teaching the message of salvation) is important. However,
children should not be left with the impression that simple
trust is all that is needed for salvation.
Conviction—knowing that they are sinners—must
precede trust.
Many children who make professions of
faith may later become aware they are lost. These professions
of faith were made during an “age of fear” rather
than at the point of accountability.
Children are afraid of the dark. They
are afraid of being alone. They hear messages on hell and do
not want to go there. However, the fear of hell is not
necessarily the point of accountability. A child is not
accountable until he or she knows what makes him or her a
sinner and why salvation is needed.
There are several reasons children to
make professions of faith when they are not accountable for
their sins.
(1) Parental anxiety. Parents are
well meaning and want to be sure that when their children reach
the point of accountability they accept the Lord as their
personal Savior. There are times when parents misjudge and see
the “age of fear” for their children as the point
of accountability. As a result, they encourage children to take
this as their immediate need for action in regard to accepting
the Lord.
(2) Peer pressure. Children who have
made professions of faith often start
“evangelizing” other children who have not done so.
When a friend commits his life to the Lord a child may copy
him. Young lives must be handled with care and dealt with
prayerfully.
(3) Allurement of wonderful things.
Being able to be baptized and to partake of the Lord’s
Supper is what some young people look forward to after they are
saved. They feel that since they have grown up under the
teachings of the church that they are ready to launch out into
this important time of life even though they have not felt
conviction as a sinner.
(4) Drive to be accepted. Many
children feel that opportunities for special favors will be
enhanced by making a profession of faith. An emotional desire
to be accepted may be mistaken for conviction.
(5) The right thing to do. Many
children who grow up in well established homes and churches
feel that making an early profession of faith is the right
thing to do. It is the right thing to do if the child fully
understands that he or she is a sinner. If he is unable to
understand that he is a sinner, it is the wrong thing to do.
Trusting the Savior must be a matter
of the “heart.” “Head knowledge” is not
sufficient. Not knowing when the point of accountability will
occur in the life of a young person, parents and teachers
should instruct them so that they will know what to do and how
to react when that moment comes.
FOR A CHILD TO BE SAVED:
WHAT IS NECESSARY?
In order to answer the question of
what is necessary for a child to be saved, one must first
determine the extent to which a child can understand spiritual
things. Upon the accomplishing of this, one must determine what
is necessary for anyone to be saved.
Only One Way
First, let us establish for certain
that there is and has always been only one way for salvation.
Children are saved today in exactly the same way they were
saved in Old Testament days. Adults are saved today in the same
way they were saved in Old Testament days. Children and adults
are saved in the same way.
God has designed and executed His
part of the plan of salvation for the benefit of mankind. The
salvation of an individual is now dependent upon the
individual. The way to be saved is to make the deliberate
choice to turn from the sinfulness of man to the righteousness
of Christ. We will look more into this later.
Can a Child Understand Spiritual Things?
From birth, children develop
spiritually, mentally and physically. According to Romans 7:9,
a child has at least a “seeming” life before he
reaches the point of accountability. He is born with a spirit
which must in some way be in contact with God, or else God
could not take him and keep him safe through that stage of
development toward accountability.
A growing child can respond to many
spiritual stimuli. He first responds to mother’s love. If
God is love, then love is God, and response to love is a
response to God. But does that child understand enough about
God to be saved? No, he does not yet understand enough to be
lost.
Since he cannot understand enough
about spiritual things to grasp the way of salvation, Scripture
memorization is very important. Since a child can respond to
some spiritual things, we must be diligent to expose the child
to more than just exercises in memorization.
As spiritual and mental development
progress, the child will have enough information about
salvation to be saved when the time comes.
What Is Necessary for Anyone To Be Saved?
The individual’s part in
salvation consists of repentance and faith. Repentance and
faith must be exhibited from the head, the heart and the hand.
That is, one must have a “head knowledge,” he must
believe in his heart, and he will display salvation in his
life.
But what must one know about? And
what must one believe? And with what heart will he believe? And
what does repentance mean?
Let us begin with our last question about
repentance. Repentance means to “turn around and go the
other way.” When an older adult is saved (one who has
lived in sin for many years), his life must take a distinct,
radical turn toward God. Although a child has the nature to sin
and rebel, his early life may have been pointed toward Christ.
If this child is saved soon after reaching accountability, he
must feel sorrow over his sin nature, but the actual
turn-around in his life may be minimal. Where sin abounds grace
does much more abound.
As to the question of what one must
believe, we need only search the Scriptures. A study of Acts 2:
14-36; 3:12-26; 4:8-12; 5:30-32 and 10:36-43 reveals five basic
facts about the gospel message. William L. Hendricks lists
these five in his book, A Theology
for Children, as follows: “(1)
Jesus came from God, the God of Israel who made heaven and
earth. (2) Men killed Christ. The idea is later broadened to
assert that all men and man as a unit in his sinfulness is
responsible for Christ’s death. (3) Yet, Christ’s
death was according to God’s plan. That is, God was
acting through Christ’s death to bring man to Himself.
(4) Christ is raised. God in Christ has conquered even
man’s last enemy, death. (5) God through Christ has sent
the Holy Spirit to bear witness to what God in Christ has done
for man.”
Paul, in Romans 10:9, declares that
one must believe in his heart that God has raised Jesus from
the dead. When all these Scriptures are placed together, the
basic things involved in man’s part of his own salvation
may be found. One must know, believe in his heart and confess
with his mouth. He must know, believe and act upon all these
things. This may require a bit more maturity than some pastors
have asked for on the part of children.
One cannot believe with his blood
pump. The heart with which one believes is sometimes called his
control center. It is the part of man in which spiritual,
mental and emotional decisions are made. We would more likely
describe this as the brain than the blood pump. The brain is
said to be man’s control center. It is with this control
center that a person commits his eternal destiny into the hands
of Jesus. This commitment requires “head knowledge”
and results in the outward action of “confession of
Christ as Lord.”
Salvation Results from Confrontation
In addition to hearing and
understanding one must also become sorry for sins and the sin
nature, and he must have faith. These things require a
confrontation. He must know and understand enough about God and
about his sin nature to be confronted with the sinfulness of
sin. This confrontation must result in a deliberate choice. The
choice will be a positive one. He must chose to depend upon
Christ or, rejecting Christ, he will continue to depend upon
self.
Until a child can understand, believe
and accept the things listed as being involved in the gospel
message, he cannot experience the confrontation nor can he make
the decision required in salvation. Until he is mature enough
to make the decision after the confrontation, he is kept by the
grace of God. He has not reached the point of accountability.
Parents, pastors and children’s
teachers must have faith that God knows what He is doing. He
loves children. He has made provision for the salvation of
everyone. The Spirit will draw at the proper time. Let us be
careful not to push children into premature, insincere
statements of faith.
We Must Guard Against Legalism
One must not impose exact
requirements upon children who ask about salvation. In past
times, children were simply told that at the age of twelve they
could be saved. Today this is generally regarded as an invalid
law. Some people have been told that their childhood conversion
was not genuine unless certain emotional aspects can be
remembered. Others have learned to trust the Word, not memory
or emotions.
One cannot be baptized before he is
born again. We do not believe in infant baptism. However, some
have been baptizing some very young children. It is difficult
to refrain from legalism while assuring that children are not
baptized before salvation, but an effort must be made.
IN CONCLUSION
It may help for a parent to use
simple illustrations to help children comprehend spiritual
concepts. A parent may explain that faith is like when your dad
stands you on the table and asks you to jump. Before you jump
you think about what would happen if he did not catch. But you
know your dad is strong enough and he cares enough. He will not
let you fall. Now, as soon as you jump you are in dad’s
care. If he fails, you will be hurt. Do you believe dad would
fail? Now, do you believe Jesus will catch you and keep you
from falling into hell? To jump you simply ask God to save you.
What a blessing it would be for
parents to lead their children to salvation. God had made the
spiritual training of children the parent’s
responsibility.
© 2004, International Christian
Publishers, Texarkana, AR. All rights reserved. No part of this
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